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Infectious diseases are caused by
micro-organisms, which invade the human body and multiply, producing
harmful toxins and enzymes.
Not all micro-organisms cause sickness; some are actually good for
you. The harmful ones are known as pathogens. They include fungi,
some types of bacteria, viruses and protozoa.
The two most common types of infection are:
- Bacterial infections
- Fungal infections
Micro-organisms are capable of producing substances that may:
- Increase the severity of a disease
- Develop resistance to the body's defence mechanisms
- Break down body tissues, allowing infection to spread faster
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